Internal-combustion engine



June 22, 1948. P. BRUN INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledJune 5. 1943 Inventor Fran en? Bra/7v June 22, 1948. P. BRUN iNTERNAL-COMBUS TION ENGINE Filed Juhe 5, 1945 4 sheets sheet 2 .1 LIL-:11. I

P/wdewz" Bram Inventor and WW Em June 22, 1948. P. BRU NINTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Shets-Sheet 3 Filed June 5, 1943 InventorPr u/de wf .Brurv June 22', 1948.

P. BRUN I INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 4 Shets-Sheet 4 Filed June 5, 1943V Inventor Patented June 22, 1948 ourIne eaten?! rotates*INTE'RNAIfiCOll/[BUSTION ENGINE aPrudentcBnuna-Boyalton,Minn.,-assignor,-Lby direct and :mesner assignments, of one-fourthntoMEuPhrosineOAnna Brun,. lltnyalton,..and .one-ZfcuisthtdlWlIllHenhingfjStt CloudiMinn.

AppIication J-une'" 5, 1943*,Se1ial No; 489;811

.vscription: 1

1:111:OIdeHtOErihCrQaSeWllhGrDOtWfiIeiiOf.ldiheelen ne reachmylinclereisdouhlazactin isthat is: ilfi y,

that- -while aepower; impulseixis received nisnne the .twolworkingsurfaces, of thespistonvwithlthe piston running in onedirection;.land;-during1therv other half turn of the crankshaft, anotherpower, exhaust andcompression -strokeis -performed on the twcrworkingsurfaces-.,ofethe piston, witlnlthe :piston running intheoppositecdirection.

l -[Anothert advantage of the inventionzresides in :the fact that eachpistonnis rbuilt as: rhollow icylinden which is openoven,theggreateryportion :v-ofuthe: length of one side, sort-thatthezcrankashaft cameasily be assembled,ltaken cutter; in-

idersis working on the same shaft, eachacylin- -';:der. can he easilyremoved by detachingrthec nd jcovers tron"). the cylinder block. Others,advantages reside in the water coolingvand in the oilcation.

Anmembodimentwofrmynnvention is illustrated in the drawings in which-Figure 1 is a top plan view of the preferred construction of ahorizontal engine.

Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an axial section through one of the pistons and the cylinderblock along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a transverse section along the line l--4 of Figure 1, and

Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of one of the pistons.

In the drawings the same numerals refer to the same parts in all theviews.

Reference numeral [0, Figure 4, indicates the cylinder block forming oneunit and in which are shown three cylinder borings [2, I3 and I4 runningthrough the engine block so as to be open at each end. A cover plate l5and |5a is ispeicted Likewise, wherea plurality ofatheceylin- 30 .,zgprovided for each; end and bolted to the block r1 to: maker a.tightjoint, 'In. each of ,these bor- ,7 ings is mountedta rpistont H,(I B and: -l 9 .with the .zusual packingsazll near each end to prevent.gas

escape, Each piston hasntwolworking surfaces as -clearly, indicated, inFigure :3, where piston t I a t-is shownat theend -of the: stroke. tothel left, r-leaving ra-lsmallpspace for. compressed ,combustion gasasnats 2 l while a large space as atl22 l0 -is:to be--seen-at the rightend,.after..completion of a power-stroke, .in the lefthanddirection oft-thetarrowtX.

l-Thetdouble strokes-of each; pistonis-communicatedmthroughsa,connecting rod 24 to acommon 7 l5,crankshafta-1 5 Hcarried transversely to the axis ,of l the ;-piston-sbeneathv .the ic ylinder. block. l0, to "which thissecuredrbylbearingl caps. 26 land-bolts e21. v-Eachsconnecting rod 24is--carried at one .end to .oscillate ,on a ,pivot pin 28s .held..,inbearing lugs 29 projecting. inwardly from .the lupper wall 30; of each.hollow:piston,. see Figure 3. This :connecting ,rod 24 his 10f elbowshape, reinforced at the; bend instead, ofbeingof, the usual straight:kind. The bottomtwall of thewpistonisacut away 25 .1301: provide an-opening- .of. Lsufilcient "width and lengthas at ,3 l to permit. the,arrangement of :the prank-sat them-required relatively small. distance.fr.0m .the axis. .of ..;the., cylinder and piston and.lthetreciprocation. of the connecting rod.

The elbowlshape-oflthe rod 24. permits a .direct A singleconnectiontbetween the ,double pistons I 1, 218,01!!! .andlitspcrank 25on the crank. shaft and salpowerartran smission inlwhich the.anglelbetween .,the.:crank and thellineof connection joiningsthe ingsystem as described-in the following specifi- :twqpower; transmission.points...onlthepiston and on the crank :respectively: zdoeswnots differ.mate- ;riallyz-from the corresponding angles ,incthefl cus- -.;t0marycranknand I'Od? connections, notwithstanding the unilateral andeccentric arrangement of 40 the connection rod joint with respect to thecylinder axis and to the plane of symmetry. This arrangement with anopen piston bottom also permits of easy inspection and removal ofconnecting rods and crankshaft when necessary. It

also facilitates lubrication from the underside as the cylinderlubricating slot 32 can easily be reached from the bottom to apply thelubricant.

The pistons are assembled in the cylinder block or removed therefrom bytaking off one or both of the end caps or cover plates I5. For watercooling the cylinder block is provided with cooling spaces 33.

The crankshaft carries at one end a balance wheel, which may serve as abelt sheave or pulley 35 and at its other end means for controlling 4 lbut link connections or gears and pinions may be utilized. In order toinsure smooth running an odd number of cylinders and pistons withstasgered crankshaft connections is necessary; three cylinders beinghere shown, which number may be increased to five, seven or more.

Inlet pipes 45 and 46 leading to on common manifolds 43 and 4 3 supplycombustion gas to the valve chambers 4! and 48 with conduits 49 and asleading to the respective ends of each cylinder, Figures 1 and 3. Pairedwith the inlet pipes for each of the pistons are provided exhaust pipesi and 52 on manifolds 53and 54. 1 These exhaust pipes also connect withthe gas chambers t3 "and M which have passages 55 and 56 respectivelyleading into them a suitable distance from each end of the correspondingcylinder.

The valve chambers 41 and 48 for controlling gas inlet and similarchambers for exhaust gases are each provided with a valve 38 and 39around the spindle of which is wound a compression spring 59, 59 tendingtoclose the respective valve. The end of each spindle abuts against thesurface of a cam 61 and 62 respectively, on the cam shafts 36 and 31which are revolubly mounted on top of the cylinder block Ill andconnected to revolve synchronously actuated by the chain gears 45, Mfrom the crank shaft 25. As indicated in Figure 3,'the cams here bothpoint in the same direction andas a consequence the right hand valve 39is open for exhausting burnt gas through pipe as from chamber 48 andconduit 50 out of the space 22 at the right hand end of the cylinder;

' while simultaneously valve 38'at the other end of the cylinder isclosed for exhaust in Figure 3 and another valve 38, similar thereto, isopen while at the opposite end (at the right hand) another valvelike 35,not here shown, is closed.

This is best shown in Figure 1 where the cam shafts for each end of thecylinder i provided with an exhaust cam 6| or 62 and an inlet cam 6 laor 62a. That is to say, each ofthe cam shafts 3'6 and 37 have double thenumber of cams to the number of piston cylinders, which they areintended to serve and these cams must be adjusted in angular positionsin order to time the opening 4 and closing of the valve to operate thecombustion in correct sequence in each cylinder.

The invention can be applied to Diesel engines as well as electricallyignited internal combustion engines. For the latter construction sparkplugs 60 and 60a are indicated in the cover plates at the ends of thecylinder.

Although merely one preferred embodiment of my invention has beendescribed specifically it is not intended to limit the application ofthe I invention; thereto except as may be required by the scope of theclaim.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

In a multiple internal combustion engine, comprising a plurality of opencylinders with double working surfaces at opposite ends, removablecylinder heads closing said cylinders, a single hollow cylindricalpiston mounted for reciprocation within each of said cylinders, eachpiston being provided with piston rings near its ends, with alubrication slot between said piston rings on one side and with afurther slot on the opposite side of the cylinder, piston rod lugsarranged on the side face of piston, in a position nearer to one end ofthe piston than to the other end, a

common crankshaft for all cylinders arranged transversely to the axis ofthe cylinders, in close proximity to the cylinders but eccentricallywith respect to said cylinders, a, number of cranks corresponding to thenumber of cylinders :on said shaft, elbow-shaped piston rods forconnecting the pistons to said cranks, the elbow-shaped piston rods ofadjacent cylinders being arranged at opposite sides of the crankshaft.

PRUDENT BRUN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the

